Thursday, September 3, 2020

Accounting Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Bookkeeping Scholarship - Essay Example Next, to this, it is additionally expressed that my points and destinations are completely clear. My own advantages, comprehension, and capacities in the field of Accounting drive me towards the accomplishment of polished methodology in this field. I likewise feel that the field of Accounting offers lofty profession alternatives for understudies like Finance Specialists, Accounting Associates, Financial Accountant, Budget and Management Analysts, Accounting Assistants and Accountants. Along these lines, I extraordinarily wish to have some relationship with any of such occupations as my future profession to accomplish most ideal greatness. Moreover, I additionally need to make reference to that it is my most extreme want to serve in any of a major firm of Accounting in the US like Deloitte, PwC, Ernst and Young, KPMG and so on after fruition of my higher examinations. The advancement and achievement of these organizations truly roused me a ton and spurred to perform far superior in li fe.Next to scholastics, I likewise wish to make reference to here my locale association. I worked at network level intentionally a few times. I have the extraordinary impression most definitely as I have consistently taken an interest in class exercises, introductions and conversations. I have additionally made great impression among my companions and educators. Thus, at the present time I judge myself as a fruitful understudy who is energetic in pursuing his objectives an individual who needs to expend his inclinations in the achievement of his objectives. If you don't mind give me a possibility for this grant. I am certain that you will discover me a fruitful and particular individual.

Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Types of friends to have Free Essays

The exact opposite thing you need to be depicted as is somebody who’s stuck in their own particular manners. In the event that everybody had a companion from an alternate culture, the world would be a greatly improved spot. Being in a multifaceted companionship permits you to investigate customs, qualities, and conventions outside of your own way of life. We will compose a custom article test on Kinds of companions to have or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now In some cases you may even embrace better approaches to get things done. Be cautious; don’t become friends with somebody Just in light of the fact that they’re from an alternate culture. Nobody likes to be a token companion. Rather, keep your brain open, and on the off chance that you run over somebody you click with who Just so happens to be from an alternate culture, put forth the attempt to find out about their traditions, qualities, and conventions while becoming more acquainted with the individual on an individual level. A Wise Mentor Jesse Jackson once stated, â€Å"Never look down on somebody except if you’re helping them up. † If you have somebody shrewd, motivating, and outstanding in your life who rehearses this way of thinking, you’re incredibly fortunate. We as a whole need a companion who motivates us to be otter individuals without causing us to feel deficient. Additionally, being around such an individual will provoke us to better ourselves consistently. The astute guide in your life doesn’t must be somebody who has a similar occupation or side interests with you. It’s just somebody who’s a couple of strides in front of you throughout everyday life and has enough shrewdness and persistence to manage you the correct way. It very well may be anybody - ? an associate, a companion who’s past their years, or a more seasoned neighbor - ? for whatever length of time that you admire this individual and need to be progressively similar to them. A Loyal Best Friend Once in a while a dependable closest companion is the main thing you have to remain rational. Everybody needs a non-critical companion who will bolster them regardless. This is the sort of companion who leaves you alone a chaotic situation and knows the entirety of your most profound and darkest privileged insights, yet at the same time cherishes all of you the equivalent. A Work Pal Did you realize that with an all day Job, you spend in any event half of your waking hours at work? That, yet you invest some more energy driving to work, contemplating work, staying at work longer than required, and advancing your vocation on your own time. Discouraging, isn’t it? Insights show that the more segregated you are busy working, the more discouraged you get. That’s why it bodes well to get a work buddy to visit with at the water cooler and to assist you with overcoming the week. You burn through half of your waking hours at work, thus accomplishes your work buddy. You’ll think that its a lot simpler to chat casually and grumble about work with somebody who can identify with you than having lunch alone consistently. Your work buddy doesn’t must be your closest companion outside of work. They Just should be somebody you click with in some way or another, and in the event that both of you hit it if outstandingly well, you can generally begin spending time with them outside of the workplace. With a dependable closest companion, a bold traveler, a ruthlessly legit compatriot, an astute coach, a companion from an alternate culture, a total inverse, a cordial neighbor, and a work buddy in your life, you’re bound to live a long and upbeat! A Friendly Neighbor These days, many individuals don’t know their own neighbors. It’s a disgrace, since certain neighbors can be the most delightful and most supportive individuals ever. The most effective method to refer to Types of companions to have, Papers

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Florida lawmaker pushes bill to end FCAT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Florida official pushes bill to end FCAT - Essay Example Boundless reports of racial profiling that prompted episodes like the one in Cincinnati, where police viciously conflicted with dark dissenters for three days, have called the consideration of general society and unavoidably, numerous lawmakers. Cloud et al watches an across the country scrambling for enactments prohibiting racial profiling as an apparatus in police activities. The authors envision, be that as it may, an issue in actualizing a general forbiddance of racial profiling as was being pondered by the End Racial Profiling charge, at that point pending in 2000 in Congress. One potential result of such a law is a police power reluctant to carry out their responsibilities, for example, what occurred after the Cincinnati riots where captures dwindled in numbers in spite of a restricting heading of wrongdoing occurrences. Another is the far-fetched possibility of an instrument that could precisely foresee when or how racial profiling is really being submitted. The article is an elegantly composed, inconspicuous bit of composing pervading as much rationale and motivation to intrigue the perusers of its objectivity to pad a place that inclines towards the less well known view in this exceptionally charged issue. The general impression that one gets in the wake of perusing the article is that the authors needed to intrigue the American perusers of the habit of a broad enemy of racial profiling law, considering the nonattendance of a component that could precisely gauge racial profiling. Along these lines, the article starts by considering the viewpoints of police, especially from one who cries about â€Å"guilt by uniform.† The article likewise calls attention to that there is no careful meaning of what racial profiling is and subsequently, the resulting trouble in advising the police to quit utilizing it, as an inappropriate itself challenges exact and indisputable definition (Cloud et al 2). Still later, it focuses on the trouble in measuring the rea l measure of racial profiling being polished by the police power (Cloud et al 3). Justifiably, the scholars decided to move toward this subject in an extremely inconspicuous manner, introducing realities and reports however much as could reasonably be expected and letting interviewees mouth pertinent information, which by the by, support the writers’ point. The article doesn't utilize ‘pathos’ - the essayists apparently keeping down maybe out of dread that they would be mixing the hornet’s home. Then again, the scholars endeavor to fall back on the intrigue of rationale and reason by sprinkling a wealth of meetings, reports and true records of occasions all through the article that spoke to their points of view as opposed to articulating these perspectives themselves. The intrigue to rationale and reason is by all accounts utilized exactly for the perusers to overlook the passionate supporting of the issue, which isn't awful aside from that it makes the jo urnalists look like fence-sitters on occasion with no genuine situation of their own leaving the perusers confounded concerning what their destinations truly are. Accordingly, as the authors permit some police faculty to relate the melancholy that plagues their particular organizations leaving their options limited with charges of racial profiling approaching over their heads like the blade of Damocles, the article lined this up with subtleties of racial profiling episodes such the â€Å"flying while black† occurrence including the seizure of $7,000 from a dark businessperson by the DEA on the ground that it was

An Assessment of Learning Disabled Bilingual Students :: Teaching Education

An Assessment of Learning Disabled Bilingual Students When talking about the learning handicapped, bilingual understudy, one must think about certain measurements to the issue of appraisal inside an especially particular light. This unique populace reflects both the learning handicapped (LD) and the bilingual understudy. For reasons for this conversation, it is assumed that most all individuals from this particular portion are Hispanic. This is to a great extent the case inside a viable setting, in spite of the fact that as the writing calls attention to, pre-contemplations must be managed for bilingual training (understudies) Ã' just as those individuals from the Hispanic people group who mirror an assortment of foundations, including Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Cubans, and so forth. To this degree, it is the perspective on this creator that the difficulties for the bilingual, learning incapacitated, and specialized curriculum teacher are especially intricate. In the first place, it is essential to take a gander at the numerous factors that exist inside the previously mentioned segments. These segments incorporate English as a Second Language (ESL), the degree to which Hispanic understudies communicate in English at home, the degree to which Spanish talking understudies communicate in Spanish at home, the degree to which guardians are included or accept a functioning job in this general exertion, lastly the effect this has on encouraging the learning impaired in a study hall setting Ã' and all the more explicitly Ã' while utilizing the help of an interpreter. It is the perspective on this creator that, over and over again, educational plan based appraisal is hampered with certain inclinations, to which degree it is the point of this creator to address a portion of these. David P. Dolson (1985) offers us some knowledge into the significance of these connections, expressing that the most fundamental factor between scholarly accomplishment and educational execution with respect to the Hispanic youngster is legitim ately identified with the impact of Spanish home language. He challenges a presumption by numerous teachers that Hispanic understudies from Spanish language homes do less well in schools than Hispanic understudies from essentially English talking homes. The bearing of the distinction on every one of ten educational factors demonstrates that understudies from added substance bilingual homes have a prominent favorable position when contrasted with partners from subtractive bilingual homes. The significance of this finding is featured to various ends, which might be developed based on the information made accessible (1985). In view of individual and down to earth understanding, it has been the perceptions of this creator that authoritative debate and even difference exists and is based on different ways to deal with the scholastic progression of the learning handicapped, bilingual understudy.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Prisons and Jails Free Essays

The legislature has forced discipline as a way to control wrongdoing. There are four key supports for rebuffing crooks: reprisal, weakening, prevention, and recovery (Seiter, R. P. We will compose a custom exposition test on Penitentiaries and Jails or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now , 2005). These four supports fill in as the objectives of the United States remedial framework. The opposite side of revenge can be essentially expressed that when a wrongdoer carries out a wrongdoing, he should be rebuffed for his activities. Requital fills in as a way to keep the overall population safe. (Seiter, R. P. , 2005). From multiple points of view wrongdoers are rebuffed because of the wrongdoings they submit, you are secured up a cell and you remain there until you go before the pass judgment and get a sentence whenever saw as blameworthy. Presently there are fines you should pay for specific wrongdoings, network administration is another ramification for a wrongdoing you have submitted. Regardless of what the wrongdoing you should languish the outcomes over them. Imprisonment is the most widely recognized case of discipline in the remedial framework, however capital punishment and lesser punishments, for example, probation are likewise intended to be corrective. Maybe the most evident objectives of the restorative framework is to rebuff the individuals who are seen as blameworthy of wrongdoings. In principle this is assume to fill in as an obstruction against one rehashing crime and for instance to others of why crime ought to be stayed away from. It is hazy how well the advanced U. S. remedial framework accomplishes these objectives and whether the cash put resources into the restorative framework may be better spent. The primary inquiry is does discipline hinder wrongdoing by any stretch of the imagination? Reprisal is a demonstration of good retribution which society causes the guilty party to endure as much as the enduring brought about by the wrongdoing submitted (Macionis, 2006). Individuals have a decision whether to do a wrongdoing. How Does Our Correctional System Rehabilitate Offenders? In the mid 1900’s recovery had risen as the essential hypothesis of amendments and formed each part of restorative strategy and practice. At that point in the 1960’s and 1970’s recovery was assaulted for not having evidentiary standing and in the subsequent disturbance. Recovery has been appeared to push guilty parties to not re-annoy where as different hypotheses have appeared to have next to zero impact on the reoccurring crime percentage and some in reality have been appeared to have the contrary impact in expanding the reoccurring crime percentage. On some random day there are in excess of 7,000,000 Americans under the management of the restorative framework which incorporates roughly 1. 5 million prisoners incarceratedin prison, 4. 2 million waiting on the post trial process and more than 828,000 on parole as indicated by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. The measurements are faltering considering as indicated by the U. S. Evaluation the United States populace is 307,006,550 (U. S. Evaluation 2010). Along these lines, that implies that around for each one hundred individuals two are imprisoned. Additionally as indicated by the Disaster Center in 2009 31,916,949 violations were submitted in the United States. Allowing detainees the chance to manage the purpose behind entering jail and jail life, will elevate elective approaches to deal with negative social issues (Hagebrook Zgoba). The additional clinical and guidance care, notwithstanding requiring broad pre-discharge directing will help plan for productive life outside of jail. Numerous detainees enter jail with a psychological maladjustment and many are unconscious of the disease until they are detained (cdcr. ca. gov). It would be helpful to treat the ailment head on, by then. Which Method Is More Effective? I feel that recovery would be a progressively powerful path in diminishing wrongdoing hence. At the point when a detainee approaches alternatives to assist themselves with improving and reappear the outside world once more, at that point they are eager to have any kind of effect. Presently Therapy is another type of restoration expected to help dissuade people from perpetrating future wrongdoings. A few instances of treatment incorporate medication treatment to those guilty parties dependent on drugs and mental advising to those wrongdoers who experienced childhood in an oppressive family unit. Recovery can assist with taking care of the issue of congestion in many penitentiaries. The criminal populace keeps developing, as capital punishment has been canceled, and the state would need to spend more on offices to house hoodlums. Training is one of the manners by which this positive change was influenced. Training works in two levels to effectively restore the crook. I do see that in criminal recovery, detainees are offered chances to build their substance information base. This is basic as studies show that numerous prisoners don't have fundamental evaluation school instruction. Is will likewise obstruct their achievement of procuring occupations, in this way many needed to go to a real existence wrongdoing. Recovery additionally guarantees that prisoners are socially balanced. Mental appraisals are being dispensed to test for mental or physical incapacities that prompted their detainment in any case. I for one do realize a couple of ex cons and from what they experienced in jail to find support for a superior life over here in the public eye was genuine ideal to see, I haven’t seen them even advance back to the old ways they had of perpetrating wrongdoings, and I generally hear them disclose to me that they simply need to keep their Freedom! So I do what I can to assist them with remaining destined for success, and on the off chance that they even feel that it will make them more joyful to back track. I simply hurl what they will be passing up in this world, and how harmed their relatives will be without them day by day. So all things considered I without a doubt believe that Rehabilitation is the best for our convicts nowadays. Instructions to refer to Prisons and Jails, Essay models

Friday, August 14, 2020

How Do Pawn Shop Reality Shows Differ From Reality

How Do Pawn Shop Reality Shows Differ From Reality How Do Pawn Shop Reality Shows Differ From Reality TV? How Do Pawn Shop Reality Shows Differ From Reality TV?A visit to your local pawn shop may result in a high-interest loan versus a dramatic trade of merchandise for heaps of cash.At any given time, there are approximately 1,000 pawn shop reality shows. That is actually an exaggeration, but it does feel somewhat true. If you own a local pawn shop, we assume you spend your days on the lookout for camera operators and producers as they attempt to sneak into your establishment and transform it into a reality show with a name like “Pawn Baby Pawn” or “Pawn Mower Man” or “Pawn of the Dead.”You may be surprised to learn, however, that reality shows do not always depict reality with 100% accuracy. The Bachelor winners are rarely together for life and when a competitor is voted off the island on Survivor, they do not actually drown in the surrounding ocean.The same principle applies to pawn shop reality shows. If you are considering visiting a pawn shop near you, it might help to k now beforehand how it differs from the pawn shops you have seen on TV. That is why we spoke to a real-life pawn shop owner to bring you the real-life facts.The pawn shop loanTo those who are not regular watchers of pawn shop reality shows, it might seem like they are all the same. However, different pawn shop shows have different focuses, which means each show will reflect reality, or unreality, in its own specific ways.For example, here is Adam Davis â€" a co-owner of eight pawn shops in Florida and board member of the Florida Pawnbrokers Association â€" with his take on Pawn Stars:“This show mostly portrays the buying and negotiating side of the pawn industry and focuses heavily on fantastic historic artifacts,” he says. This is quite different than daily pawn life on both levels. The majority of transactions done in pawn shops are pawn loans rather than outright purchases.”With a pawn loan, when you trade your valuable to your local pawn shop, they are likely to use your it em as collateral while they wait for you to pay them back with interest. Although these types of transactions are on the decline for 40% of pawnbrokers, according to a 2019 survey  from the National Pawnbrokers Association, they are still a “primary service that pawnbrokers offer to customers who don’t have access to traditional banking services and credit.”This process of trading collateral for a loan is much different than just trading a valuable item for a heap of cash. You can read more about the realities of pawn shops and collateral loans here. Information about other types of personal loans and their risks can be found here.Fantastic findsWhy is it that Pawn Stars can so consistently find unique historical artifacts, like President John F. Kennedy’s cigar box or a Hasselhoff-signed buoy? The stars have some help that the average pawn shop owner likely does not.“While we do get very interesting items on a regular basis, the items shown on this show are not the norm, ” Davis explains. “The History channel has used their wide reach to bring in ‘customers’ and items from around the country to make the show more interesting. Items such as Civil War cannons and incredibly rare vehicles are not commonly brought to the majority of pawn shops around the country.”Save the drama for your mamaReal life is often quite dramatic â€" but it is not always dramatic. And reality television needs to always be dramatic, as is the case with Hardcore Pawn.“This show focuses more on the customer relations and shows in the most dramatic fashion the best and worst possible situations that can arise in a pawn store,” Davis says. However, this differs from what Davis considers typical at his shop. “The vast majority of transactions are extremely smooth and without incident.   For most of our customers, coming to the pawn shop is as regular as going to the grocery store to perform a transaction. We have never had a physical altercation with a customer, and no one has ever had to be physically removed from our stores. While this is the norm in this show, it is far from the truth of what happens in a pawn shop on a daily basis.”Your experience may (will) varyIt is impossible to document every way in which pawn shop reality shows are different from the actual experience of going to a pawn shop. Just as there are a variety of pawn shop reality shows, there are many different types of pawn shops.According to the National Pawnbrokers Association, there were approximately 10,000 pawn establishments across the United States in 2012. And according to Davis:“There are stores that look even nicer than a high-end jewelry store with several millions of dollars of diamonds, watches, and jewelry. There are firearms-focused stores that have 20,000 square feet filled with guns and hunting gear. But the typical pawn shop in America is around 2,500 to 4,500 square feet and carries a huge array of merchandise from jewelry to electronics, tools, spor ting goods, collectibles, musical instruments, and everything in between. Customers will find things that interest them at almost any pawn shop, but they should not expect to see the rarest of rare merchandise nor should they expect to witness someone being forcefully removed from the store because of a customer service blow up.”As Davis makes clear, visiting a pawn shop as either a buyer or a seller may be slightly less exciting than the television would suggest. However, it can still be worth the trip. As a buyer, you may be able to encounter interesting finds in a more tactile manner than just surfing Craigslist or Ebay. As a seller, it is one option to consider if you are looking to get rid of some of your stuff, and it may be a worthy option if you are dealing with a financial emergency and do not have the credit to get a traditional loan. Regardless of why you are visiting, just be ready to engage with the pawn shop experience as it actually is, and not as the television sug gests it might be.Looking for more information about pawn shop loans? We have a few additional articles for you:Is There a Better Option Than the Nearby Pawnshop?The Pros and Cons of Pawn Shop Cash Advances5 Reasons to Avoid Pawn Shop Loans

Sunday, June 21, 2020

How Dolphins Suffer From Environmental Pollution - Free Essay Example

Dolphins are lovely and smart animals, but dolphin population worldwide are facing a significant threat. According to Whale and Dolphin Conservation (WDC) (n.d.), human activities influence approximately 40 percent of marine systems and every area of the sea. In the eastern coast of the U.S., the death of about three thousand bottlenose dolphins is observed from 1987 to 1988. We have to pay close attention to this issue so that dolphins would not die out and species diversity could be preserved. Actually, environmental pollution is an important reason why the dolphin population dramatically reduces. Dolphin population is significantly hurt by environmental pollution due to three major reasons. First, dolphins are easily hurtful by chemical contamination because of bioaccumulation in which damage dolphins body systems. Second, noise pollution impairs dolphins health and change their normal behaviors. Third, marine debris threat dolphins life since dolphins may accidentally eat litters or be entangled by packaging. At the same time, there seems to an argument about whether environment pollution extremely harms dolphins. Some people argue that some studies contain limitations and the data are insufficient to support the position that the species of dolphin are significantly hurt by environmental pollution. However, environmental pollution has some clearly negative impacts on dolphins. One of the direct effects is that noise forces dolphins to consume more energy. Also, environmental pollution pollutes dolphins habitats and kill smaller sea animals that could lead to the short of fo od for dolphins. First of all, chemical pollution including oils spills and polluted water has a detrimental effect on dolphins health. With the rapid development of industry, increasing industrial accidents happen and these accidents result in many serious consequences. Pitchford et al. (2018) study the influence of the huge 2011 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, and they find that the large number of bottlenose dolphins death is related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (p. 14). In other words, dolphins are unable to completely avoid the area of oil slick, and sometimes they indeed swim into floating oil. There is a chance that the poisonous oil will enter dolphins spiracles and mouths if they are encompassed by floating oil. What is more, Durante et al. (2016) believe that polluted prey also has an adverse impact on dolphins health since toxins will be accumulated in dolphins bodies eventually (p. 358). Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are perilous chemicals that released by industrial production and they are unlikely to break down in a short time. Sea animals will die if they absorb POPs at a certain level, and the amount of POPs in the ocean is rather huge. The majority of dolphins are at the top of food chains naturally, and so they are the ending point for POPs (Durante et al., 2016, P. 353). To be more precise, plankton absorbs PCBs from the environment, and small fish eats plankton to survive. A lot of small fishes are eaten by large fishes in their life, and dolphins eat plenty of large fishes over their lifetime. Finally, POPs from lots of smaller marine organisms are absorbed by dolphins. So, bioaccumulation caused by chemical is contamination really a big issue for dolphins. In fact, anthropogenic chemical pollutant have more negative influences on dolphins than other animals. Rage et al. (2008) provide convincing evidence that the species of dolphin are not good at coping with pollution like POPs because there are scarcely any enzymes in their bodies to decompose hazardous chemical components (P. 472). Consequently, dolphins reproductive and immune systems are likely weakened due to the damage of chemical contamination such as POPs. The injury to dolphins reproductive systems can lead to serious problems. More specifically, a large ratio of POPs may be passed by female dolphins to their first babies via womb or milk , which is possibly fatal to offspring (Durante et al., 2016, P. 354). In addition, the issues related to injured immune systems are also severe. For example, the massive death of dolphin population since the 20th century could be caused by virus transmission from animals to animals (Rage et al., 2008, P. 473). Immune system is the main defense against diseases, and injured immune system certainly increases diseases risk. Thus, chemical pollution puts dolphins in especial danger because toxins and poisons from dangerous chemicals severely impair dolphins health. Other than chemical contamination, noise also has a seriously negative impact on dolphin population. Dolphins live in the ocean where sound is the basic tool to communicate and look for direction. Nonetheless, human activities such as natural resources exploration, the operation of ships, and military maneuvers in the sea have made a very high level of noise, which puts dolphins in risk. There are plenty of studies from scientific literature illustrating the damage of noise to the species of dolphin. For instance, high-frequency and mid-frequency sonar from military vessels are recognized big worries for the health of sea mammals since they can lead to physical hurt or even death to marine animals like dolphins (Li et al., 2014, P. 496). Likewise, dolphins with excessive stress levels caused by high-intensity sounds may even behave aggressively, which can result in physical injuries (Harris, 2017, p. 212). This evidence clearly show that noise pollution has an adverse effect on the s pecies of dolphin. Besides high-frequency and mid-frequency sonar, Harris discusses that low-frequency ocean noise also influences mammal behaviors. To be more specific, mammals like dolphins will go away from their habitat or breeding place because of excessive noise, which is observed on the coast of Baja California, Mexico ( Harris, 2017, p. 211). Similarly, Pitchford et al. (2018) claim that noises will drive dolphins from important areas to them so that the chance of illness and stranding to dolphins increases (p. 16). Basically, all noises made by humans influence extremely disrupt dolphins life. Dolphins have to raise their voices to communicate with each other since plenty of ships in the ocean make many noises. Dolphins change the frequency, duration or amplitude, or they simply repeat their calls several times. Yet, these actions really hurt dolphins health (Holt, 2015, p. 1648). Furthermore, exposure to shipping noise in long periods could cause temporary or permanent damage to dolphins sens e of hearing (Li et al., 2014, P. 501). Auditory system plays an essential role in dolphins daily life, and it is hard to imagine how should dolphins survive in the sea without a sensitive sense of hearing. Therefore, dolphins lives are significantly impacted by noise pollution because noises alter dolphins normal behaviors and harm their heath including auditory system. Dolphins are threatened by noise while the detrimental effects of marine debris on dolphins cannot be overlooked. Millions of tons of plastic garbage are dumped by people into the sea yearly worldwide (WDC, n.d.) The oceans are polluted by countless man-made litters, which is quite risky to dolphin population. When dolphins swim in coastal areas or along shorelines, marine litters containing plastic bags and other indecomposable substances can trap or choke them, young dolphins in particular (Pitchford et al., 2018, p. 16). To put it another way, dolphins can suffer or die once they are entangled in plastic bags. Moreover, researchers have found that more and more dolphins eat marine debris accidentally. Bearzi et al. (2014) discuss that one of the known cause of dolphins mortality is obstruction of the digestive system by ingesting plastic (P. 393). As a consequence, intestinal blockage, starvation, and inside damage are all possible injuries to dolphins. Similarly, Eo, Yeo, and Kwon (2013) explain that gastrointestinal foreign objects are a serious problem in cetaceans and dolphins (p. 251). For example, Eo et al. (2013) helped a male bottlenose dolphin to remove foreign objects from its forestomach, and they found that The foreign bodies included a 10 ?— 3.5 cm plastic tube, 4 ?—2.0 cm stainless steel pipe, brush, and concrete debris (p. 251). Consequently, the species of dolphin are significant hurt by man-made litters. Hence, marine debris as one of the chemical pollution poses a real threat to dolphins lives because serious issues such as intestinal blockage, and internal injury are possibly happened due to ingestion of plastic litters and entanglement by packaging. On the other hand, some individuals challenge that environmental pollution does not have a extremely negative effect on dolphins because of two main reasons. First, lots of scientific studies about how environmental contamination affects dolphin population are not optimal. For instance, some factors that would impact the results are not being quantified in the study of oil spills (Pitchford et al., 2018, p. 16). Additionally, the statistics are not sufficient because some data are rather difficult to collect. Durante et al. (2016) write that there is solely a low number of samples available (P. 358). Follett, Genschel, and Hofmann (2014) say that reliable conclusions cannot be drawn based on inadequate data and limited knowledge although oil discharge leads to huge destruction (p. 130). Scientists have to examine the death of many animals to confirm the cases that animals died due to environmental pollution (Follett et al., 2014, p. 130). In other words, humans indeed do not have ade quate information about how the death of animals like dolphins is linked to environmental pollution since checking the actual cause of a large number of animals death is quite challenging. Hence, the limitations of some scientific researches and the lack of data are the two major reasons why some individuals reject that dolphin population is significantly harmed by environmental contamination. Nevertheless, there is compelling evidence demonstrating that environmental pollution has an adverse impact on food chain and ecosystem. Follett et al. (2014) note that oil spills can grow bacteria and kill smaller marine mammals that are the sources of food to dolphins although oil spills may not directly kill dolphin population (p. 122). It means that environmental contamination like oil spills obviously causes habitat destruction to dolphins as well as increase the risks that dolphins have diseases and lack food. Meanwhile, Holt et al. (2015) study a pair of bottlenose dolphins at the lab and conclude that the louder dolphins phonate, the more oxygen and energy they consume. Then Holt and her colleagues apply the uniform method to calculate how many extra calories dolphins in the wild have to get to compensating the extra consumption of energy, and they estimate dolphins need to obtain two extra calories for each two minutes (p. 1650). Though this extra metabolic cost is not huge, the consumption of energy will become quite large through the accumulation over time. More importantly, not all dolphins are able to find sufficient foods, especially for juveniles and pregnant females. Thus, environmental contamination indeed has dramatically negative influences on the species of dolphin. To conclude, environmental pollution significantly harms the species of dolphin because of the three reasons. Chemical pollution enables toxins and poisons enter dolphins bodies and then destroys their reproductive and immune systems. Through injuring dolphins auditory system and disrupting the communication, dolphins health is impaired by noise, and dolphins normal behaviors are changed by noise pollution as well. Marine debris threat dolphins life by raising the risk that dolphins ingest litters or be entangled by plastic bags, which leads to severely consequent issues like obstruction of the digestive system and asphyxia. Each person, every organization, and all countries ought to should the responsibility to tackle environmental pollution and protect the species of dolphin. Humans should take actions immediately before environmental pollution results in more seriously irreversible damage to dolphin population.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Essay about Escaping Isolation - 1069 Words

Many people experience what it is like to be isolated at some point in their lives. But when does one feel like an outcast? Being isolated can change one’s entire outlook on life. Alienation can be described as â€Å"a powerful feeling of isolation and loneliness† (Alienation 1). Different people react differently to alienation and some express it by becoming â€Å"withdrawn and lethargic [and] others may react with hostility and violence† (Alienation 1). Many suffer from alienation for a variety of causes. Throughout life, one must learn to cope with alienation and many do. Through overcoming struggles, one learns how to become independent and self-reliant. Being an outcast comes with various struggles. An example of someone who feels like an†¦show more content†¦Throughout his life he tried to avoid anything that would connect him with his roots. When he was at Carnegie Hall he felt complete and he wanted that type of glamorous life. When he got a tast e of that wondrous world, he could not bear to go back to being an outcast. Sadly, Paul could not go back to dealing with the life he lived in the past. He took his life and he â€Å"dropped back into the immense design of things† (Cather 14). There are numerous struggles that come with being an outcast and often it seems there is no end to the pain they experience during this time. Contrary to what isolated people feel, there could be positive results. How does one escape the clutches of feeling alone and isolated? Although it might not feel like it at the time, there are options and ways to stop feeling like an outcast. Often times one feels like an outcast because they are unsatisfied with themselves or their own lives. It is a very destructive cycle and does damage to a person’s self-esteem. When one feels lonely, it â€Å"can trigger voices that we are unloved or unlikeable† (Isolation and Loneliness 1). To reverse this cycle, one must try to feel accepted and loved. One way to do this is to go out in public. The key is to not isolate ourselves because â€Å"our brains do not respond positively to seclusion† (Isolation and Loneliness 1). There is a problem with going out to be with people in public for some people because they are shy. One way to deal with the shyness and isolation is toShow MoreRelatedThe Environment Makes the Person.1000 Words   |  4 Pagesmakes the person. Whether it is being on an is land or a mental asylum; any normal person can change. Between the stories of Lord of the Flies and I Only Came to Use the Phone uses a setting of isolation to mesh events to show how the main theme of dehumanization, by how the characters are coping with isolation in the environment. Whether it is facing the fact that there is no escape, then trying desperate ways to escape, and seeing the illusion of good become the reality of bad in the environment.Read MoreThe Theme Of Loneliness In The Ascent By Ron Rash859 Words   |  4 Pagesby his parents. In the story, Jared escapes his miserable home life to a plane wreck he discovers while roaming the wilderness. Through the use of detached imagery and the emotional characterization of Jared as self-isolating, Rash argues that escaping too far from reality can be very harmful to the stability of one’s emotional being. The isolated and desolate imagery throughout effectively conveys Jared’s extreme detachment from his surroundings. When describing his homelife, Jared expressesRead MoreRefugee Blues Essay1013 Words   |  5 PagesRefugee Blues W. H. Auden’s poem of despair, misery, and isolation, â€Å"Refugee Blues†, describes the hardships faced by two German Jewish refugees attempting to escape Hitler’s Germany. Published in autumn, 1939, Auden is surrounded by the anti-Sematic hatred that is growing in Germany six months prior to the outbreak of World War II. Auden utilizes this environment and the experiences of German Jews to express the abuse of human rights and the sentiments of refugees. For the near two thousandRead MoreJournal Responses on the Adventures, of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain1216 Words   |  5 Pagesgoing to school but he has the important role of teaching the reader the importance of social injustices. When a new judge in town grants Huck’s father. Pap, custody of him, Huck is taken to Pap’s cabin and kept in isolation. It is during this time that Huck associates his isolation with slavery and comes to recognize slavery as an oppressively inhuman institution. Pap shows social injustice because he does not want Huck to go to school. Pap always wants to be higher up and better than Huck soRead MoreIsolation in â€Å"a Rose for Emily† and â€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper†1222 Words   |  5 PagesRose for Emily† we get Emily’s thoughts form dialogue and her actions from the narration of the townspeople. A comparison between the protagonist in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† enables readers to interpret the main character’s isolation from their community and state of mind. In each section of â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, the narrator goes back and forth in time telling stories of Miss Emily’s life. Emily’s father was a controlling man who ran off all prospect men of Emily’s (FaulknerRead MoreHow Does Isolation Play a Big Role in the Novel Frankenstein Essay695 Words   |  3 PagesIsolation is the seperation from others whether it is emotionally or physically. Throughout Frankenstein this became a issue where they tried to destroy each other. Frankenstein creation is the most obvious victim who suffers alienation, but Victor himself suffer isolation, yet the creature suffer from defection of society due to being rejected and not accepted by others. However, isolation led to Victor and the creatures self destruction. Victor brought Isolation upon himself, throughout his lifeRead MoreTheme Of Isolation In The Caretaker By Ghilip Larkin1096 Words   |  5 PagesHarold Pinter and Philip Larkin present the theme of isolation in a variety of different ways throughout their works. In The Caretaker, Pinter explores the notion of isolation and how it impacts all three characters in a brutally raw way, exposing their vulnerabilities and exploring their most true identities in vastly different ways. Throughout Collected Poems, many of the works explore how the character in each poem escapes modern life by isolating themselves, both emotionally, such as in ‘TalkingRead MoreTheme Of Isolation In Frankenstein1077 Words   |  5 PagesIsolation in Frankenstein The consequences of isolation can be both physical and emotional. For the characters in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, isolation does both in varying degrees.Through Victor’s self-destructive path for knowledge and revenge, the creature’s descent from curiosity and benevolence to misery and revenge, and Walton’s journey to the Arctic, Mary Shelley explores the theme of isolation in that whether it is intentional or not, isolation only leads to negative consequences. Read MoreCharlotte Perkins Gilman’s Story, The Yellow Wallpaper, Isolating the Sick is not Medication591 Words   |  3 Pages Isolating the sick is only necessary if the ailing is contagious. In Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† the isolation of Jennie was the major foundation of her illness. If Jennie was surrounded by loved ones, she would feel their love and be encouraged to get stronger. By being isolated from family and friends Jennie slips into her abandoned, bleak thoughts. Her only way to express herself was through writing on â€Å"dead paper† in her journal. Those words alone should haveRead MoreToni Morrison s Beloved : Cycle Of Claim1007 Words   |  5 Pagesof slavery. The novel reveals that the memories of enslavement, particularly the denial of them, effect life even after slavery is abolished. The black community is unwilling to accept their past, causing them to lack self identities. Even after escaping a life of bondage, the characters are forever trapped in the external world of slavery. As Sethe says on page 95, â€Å"Freeing yourself was one thing; claiming ownership of that freed self was another.† The effects of slavery have inculcated the need

Monday, May 18, 2020

Expectations of Dominican People in The Brief Wondrous...

In The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, the reader gets a sense of what the expectations are of Dominican men and women. Junot Dà ­az uses Oscar in contrast to the other male characters to present the expectations of the Dominican male. On the other hand, Dà ­az presents the women in the text, especially Belicia, La Inca, Lola, and Jenni, as strong characters in their own rights, but the male characters, with the exception of Oscar, have a desire to display their masculinity to maintain power over these women. It would be unfair to say that the women bring the abuse unto themselves, but rather it is their culture that makes the abuse acceptable and almost to a certain extent—expected. Oscar is the antithesis of his culture’s idea of manliness. In the beginning we meet an Oscar who is called â€Å"Porfirio Rubirosa† (21). Everyone is proud of the boy because this is exactly what he needs to be to be a Dominican man. Men from Dominican Republic, and perhaps Spanish Caribbean men, are expected to take care of their family especially their mothers and sisters, yet they are also expected to be â€Å"playboys† who have multiple women. as the first line of the story communicates, â€Å"Our hero was not one of those Dominican cats everybody’s always going on about—he wasn’t no home-run hitter or a fly-bachetero, not a playboy with a million hots on his jock† (21). Oscar is the type of man who women say they want; kind, sensitive, considerate, smart, and romantic. He truly want to find trueShow MoreRelatedJunot Diaz s Truly Does Tell The Brief Story Of The Wondrous Life Of Oscar De Leon1660 Words   |  7 PagesJunot Diaz’s novel truly does tell the brief story of the wondrous life of Oscar de Là ©on, our Dominican-American protagonist, better known as Oscar Wao. Weighing in at 245 pounds, our hopeless romantic loves comic books, writes science-fiction in all of his spare time, and, as described by our homodiegetic narrator Yunior, is a â€Å"loser with a capital L† (Diaz 17). While the title might allude that this is a story solely about Oscar, Diaz also delves deep into the lives of those closest to him. ThisRead MoreColor Tone, Gradient, Race, And Ethnicity1098 Words   |  5 Pages and ethnicity. These characteristics unite and divide humans from all walks of life all around the world. While many countries and cultures throughout the world try to downplay the role of superficial conclusions based on perceived ethnicity, usually based on skin tone, it is difficult because for many cultures, skin tone and its implications are as much a part of reality as any other cultural moni ker. The Dominican Republic is one of these countries. Since colonial times, skin tone has played aRead MoreGender Roles And Inequality : The Brief Wondrous Life Of Oscar Wao Written By Junot Diaz1384 Words   |  6 Pageswhile returning home from school. To this day, nothing has stopped Yousafzai from continuing to speak out about the importance of girls’ education, despite the inequality that she and many other women and girls still must endure. The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao written by Junot Diaz is an exemplary text that supports reader s understanding of gender roles that are faced daily in Middle Eastern countries. Diaz’s portrayal of gender inequality and gender roles helps inform one’s understandingRead MoreContact Zone Essay1766 Words   |  8 PagesCaroline Kelly Professor Ober First Year Writing 29 September 2014 The Contact Zone The Holocaust happened because two groups of people were grappling with each and one was stronger than the other. Wars typically occur because two cultures disagree and choose to settle it, and the strong culture prevails. African American and Caucasian people used to be exiled for getting married, because they were different. There are millions of different cultures in the world today and every day isRead MoreThe Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao by Juniot Diaz1577 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel â€Å"The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao† by Juniot Diaz you start to notice a cultural gender role and how there is certain expectations of them. The novel is based on a young boy named Oscar Wao and the hardships that one event has caused to an entire family. Even though the novel is focused on Oscar the author always went back to his sister and his mother. The author described the women as â€Å"real, strong women, even though they were being filtered through a somewhat dist orted male pointRead MoreAnalysis Of The Brief Life Of Oscar Wao By Junot Diaz1576 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel, The Brief Life of Oscar Wao by Junot Diaz, point of view plays a crucial role in narrating the life of the lonesome outsider, Oscar. The novel is narrated in first person, but Diaz chooses to disclose who the speaker is until later in the book. As the story progresses, there are clues that hint to the reader who the outside source narrating Oscars life is. Diaz uses Yunior to narrate a majority of the novel. This point of view lets the readers understand the Dominican culture throughRead MoreThe Wondrous Life Of Oscar Wao : Gender And Identity1837 Words   |  8 PagesThe Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao: Gender and Identity Gender and identity are both unique features that make up a person. Society has expectations on how everyone should act, especially when it comes to a person’s gender and gender roles. In â€Å"The Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao†, the character Oscar is conflicted with his identity and with his masculinity. The people around him are constantly attacking him for not living up to the standards that society has put into place. Gender and identity are themesRead MoreComparison Of Abrego And Diaz s Life876 Words   |  4 PagesI was laughing at how relatable, how real, how honest it all felt. â€Å"This is how you treat your mother? . . . And this is how you treat your daughter?† (The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, p. 55). This was a phrase that constantly echoed throughout my family home. The parallels were amusing but soon became uncomfortably similar. The transnational family, the machismo, the self hate that lived within children of color, Whiteness, the trauma from living in an impoverished country with a corrupt governmentRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Tempest1266 Words   |  6 Pagesspends her entire life on her father’s island without any possibilities for romance, until Prince Ferdinand crashes there. Miranda immediately falls in love with him and he reciprocates those feelings, ending in their marriage. Another example of a young adult character that struggles with romance is Oscar in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. Differently from Miranda, Oscar falls quickly in love with nearly every woman he meets. He has certain expectations for himself as a Dominican man, includingRead MoreThe Brief Wondrous Life Of Oscar Wao1357 Words   |  6 PagesJunot Diaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, set in the late 1900’s, tells a story of Oscar Wao, an overweight Dominican â€Å"ghetto nerd†, his mother and rebellious sister who live together in Paterson, New Jersey. Throughout the novel Diaz incorpora tes many different stories about each character that show acts of resistance. One of the most prominent stories of resistance in the novel is through Oscar’s mom; Beli, who is prompted by great tragedy, known as the Trujillo curse, to love atomically

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Money Market India

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4283 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? Money Market in India Money market is an important segment of the financial market (system) as it provides avenue for equilibrating the short term (ranging from overnight upto an year) demand for and supply of funds. It also plays an important role in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, as it acts as a medium through which the central bank can influence the short term liquidity and interest rates in the financial system. Till the mid 1980s the Indian money markets was characterized by scarcity of instruments, stringent regulations pertaining to participants and interest rates, lack of depth and liquidity. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Money Market India | Finance Dissertations" essay for you Create order Another drawback in the Indian money market during this period was existence of a large number of lenders and only a few chronic borrowers. Infact the basic requirement of a liquid and deep market that the participants should rotate between borrowing and lending activity was missing. However RBI took many measures to deepen and widen the money market in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee to Review the Working of the Monetary System (Chairman: Professor Sukhamoy Chakravarty) [1985] and the Working Group on the Money Market (Chairman: Shri N. Vaghul) [1987]. These measures included the deregulation of money markets interest rates, introduction of new money markets instruments such as certificates of deposits (June 1989), commercial paper (Jan 1990) etc. Also the RBI gradually eased the barriers to entry and initiated measure to increase the number of participants in the Money Market. RBI in a ssociation with the public sector banks and financial institution had set up the Discount and Finance House of India Ltd. (DFHI) in April 1988 in order to impart liquidity to the financial instruments. Thus financial innovations in terms of money markets instruments, broadening of participants base and strengthening of institutional infrastructure were undertaking during the 1990s based on the Vaghul Committees framework. Further during the late 1990s the Narasimham committee (1998) recommended rationalization of the money market by ensuring participation of different classes of entities in various segments of money market. RBI has over the years taken many structural measures and instrument-specific measures like transformation of call money market into pure interbank market, bringing down the minimum maturity of the CDs to 7 days etc. to develop the money market in pursuance of the Narasimham committee recommendations. Also a fullfledged liquidity Adjustment Facility was introduced on June 5, 2000 which replaced the traditional refinance suppo rt on fixed terms. The LAF was operationalised with a view to alter short term liquidity conditions as per the market conditions. In wake to strengthen the payment system infrastructure the Clearing Corporation of India Ltd. (CCIL) was formed in 2001. Also the introduction of the Negotiated Dealing System (NDS) in February 2002 and implementation of the Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) system in March 2004 further improved the efficiency in the money market. Improve These policy initiatives undertaken over time have led to the growth and sophistication of Indian money market, making it relatively deep, liquid and vibrant. Also the activity in all the segments of the Indian money market has increased significantly, especially during last few years. Currently the major segments of the Indian money market are Call (overnight) and Short-notice (up to fourteen days) Money Market Treasury Bills Market. Repos Market Term Money Market Collateralised borrowing and lending obligation (CBLO) Commercial Paper (CP) Certificates of Deposit (CDs) Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) Among these, call and short-notice money and Treasury Bills form the most important segments of the Indian money market. Let us discuss each of these in brief: Call/Notice Money market The call money market is one of the most important and active segment of the Indian Money Market. Over the years RBI has taken many measures for development of the call/term money market. During the 1990s measures were taken to widen the participation of the call money market to include primary satellite dealers corporate (through primary dealers) in addition to the existing participants like commercial banks co-operative banks, LIC, UTI, etc. However the Narasimham committee recommended the conversion of the call/notice money market in a pure inter-bank market on prudential considerations and with an objective to improve the monetary transmission mechanism. Thus in accordance with the Narasimham committee recommendations (1998), measures were taken to convert the call market into a pure inter bank market starting in 1999. Simultaneously steps were taken to develop a repo market outside the official window for providing a stable collateralised avenue for deployment of funds by the non-banks following their phased exit from the call money market. Also introduction of instruments such as Collateralised Borrowing and Lending Obligation further provided the banks and non banks with a funding alternative. Consequently the call money market was transformed into a pure inter bank market in August 2005. Reflecting the conscious decision on the part of the RBI to make the call/notice money market a pure inter bank, the average daily turnover, which stood at around Rs. 351.44 bn in FY02, almost halved to Rs. 141.70 bn in FY04. However it increased in the subsequent years and was Rs.217.25 bn during FY07. The operational efficiency in the call money market was improved with the establishment of the CCIL and operationalisation of NDS. Furthermore the RBI made it mandatory for the all the NDS members to report all the call/notice money market transaction carried out through NDS within 15 minutes of winding up of the transaction. This helped in increasing effici ency, transparency and improve price discovery in the money market. In order to further increase the transparency and facilitate better price discovery CCIL developed a screen based negotiated dealing quote-driven system for all dealings in the call/notice and the term money markets (NDSCALL). This system was made operational on September 18, 2006. Further the RBI has over the years carried out many reform measures such as adoption of Liquidity Adjustment Facilities (LAF) etc. in order to impart stability in the call money market. In the 1990s the call rates were generally stable barring a few episodes of volatility. Tight liquidity condition in the call money market, backed by high levels of statutory pre-emptions and withdrawal of all refinance facilities except the export credit, led to firming up of the call rates during the beginning of FY92. Infact the call rate touched a peak of 35% in May 1992. After that the call rates eased for some period and again firmed up to touc h 35% in November 1995. This was partly a reflection of the turmoil in the foreign exchange market. Inorder to stabilize the market the RBI injected liquidity in the system through repos, increased refinance facilities and provided some respite by reducing the CRR. With RBI sucking out liquidity to ease foreign exchange market pressure the call rates, which had eased to single digit levels, again firmed up to 29% in January 1998. The adoption of the LAF in June 2000 has helped the call rates to ease. The call rate eased significantly to a low of 4.5 percent in September 2004, backed by improved liquidity conditions on account of increased capital inflows. However on account of IMD redemptions the call rates came under some pressure in December 2005. It increased to around 7% during Feb 2007 partly influenced by the tight monetary policy stance by the RBI to curb high inflation. With the initiation of the LAF and subsequent improvement in liquidity management a considerable deg ree of stability has been imparted in the call money market. Since then the volatility in call rates has reduced significantly. According to the RBI the mean rate has almost halved from around 11 per cent during April 1993-March 1996 to about 6 per cent during April 2000-March 2007. Volatility, measured by coefficient of variation (CV) of call rates, also halved from 0.6 to 0.3 over the same period. It is important to note here that the in the pre-reform period the statutory requirements like CRR and SLR and reserve maintenance period have been the main driver of the call rates. However in the recent years the developments in other market segments, mainly the foreign exchange and the government securities market accompanied by the Reserve Banks liquidity management operations have been the major factors influencing the call rates. This signifies increased market integration and improved liquidity management by the Reserve Bank. Term Money Market Term Money Market, which is market for short-term funds of maturity between 15 days to 1 year, is not very well developed in India. Till the late 1980s, the term money market was governed by stringent norms in terms of participants, regulated interest rates etc. However the RBI has taken many measures over the years to develop this market. The administered interest rate system was dismantled in 1989 following the recommendations of vaghul committee. Further in 1993 select financial institutions (IDBI, ICICI, IFCI, IIBI, SIDBI, EXIM Bank, NABARD, IDFC and NHB) were allowed to borrow from the term money market for 3-6 months maturity, however within a fixed limit set for each institution. Also Term money of original maturity between 15 days and 1 year was exempted from the CRR in August 2001. Although many measures were taken by the RBI to develop the term money market, the activity (as reflected in the daily turnover) in this segment of money market continues to remain low. The a verage daily turnover in the term money market has increased moderately from Rs.195 crore in FY02 to Rs.1,012 crore during FY07. The development of the term money market has been impeded by confluence of factors- (i) the inability of participants to build interest rate expectations over the medium term due to which there is a tendency on their part to lock themselves in the short-term; (ii) the distribution of liquidity is also skewed with public sector banks often having surplus funds and foreign banks being in deficit in respect of short-term resources. Since the deficit banks depend heavily on call/notice money, more often, surplus banks exhaust their exposure limits to them; (iii) corporates overwhelming preference for cash credit system rather than loan generally forces banks to deploy a large amount in the call/notice money market rather than in the term money market to meet sudden demand from corporates; (iv) the steady reduction in the minimum maturity period of term d eposits offered by banks; and (v) the tendency on the part of banks to deploy their surplus funds in LAF auctions rather than in the term money market, reflecting risk-averse behaviour. Repos Market Repo is a money market instrument, which enables collateralised short-term borrowing and lending through sale/purchase operations in debt instruments. In this segment, mutual funds and some foreign banks are the major providers of funds, while some foreign banks, private sector banks and primary dealers are the major borrowers. Over the years RBI has taken many measures to reform the Repo market, which was highly regulated both in terms of participants and instruments till the late 1980s. Before April 1988 all government securities and PSU bonds were eligible for repo transactions. However with the alarmingly high growth in repos RBI became cautious and prohibited the participation of non-banks in the repo market. RBI permitted only interbank repos in all government securities between April 1988 and mid-June 1992 in order to avoid any undesirable developments on account of the large scale misuse of repos. The Janakiraman Committee, set up following the securities market irregula rities of 1992, reported that despite of being prohibited virtually all wholesale participants of the money and not only banks widely used the repos. Also many other irregularities were in the repo markets were bought to the forefront, following which the repos were prohibited in all the securities barring the treasury bills. However in wake to revive the repo market and noting the usefulness of repos in development of money market, RBI gradually bought all Central Government dated securities, Treasury Bills and State Government securities under the purview of repo market. Furthermore, with the view to broaden the repo market PSU bonds and private corporate securities have been made eligible for repos in 1997-98. Further RBI introduced the delivery versus payment system during FY96, with an aim to facilitate the repo transactions and increase transparency in the repo market. Nonbank entities which maintained subsidiary general ledger (SGL) account were permitted to participate in the repo market. Since March 2003, the non-bank financial companies, mutual funds, housing finance companies and insurance companies not having SGL account were permitted to transact in the repo market through their gilt accounts maintained with the custodian. With the increase in use of repos as money market instrument the comprehensive uniform accounting guidelines as well as documentation policy were issued by the RBI in March 2003. In addition to this the DvP III mode of settlement in government securities (which involves settlement of securities and funds on a net basis) was operationalised in April 2004. This helped the introduction of rollover of repo transactions in government securities and offered greater flexibility to participants in managing their collaterals. The Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF), that was introduced from June 5, 2000, has also helped in development of the repo market. Further the gradual phasing out of nonbanks (August 2005) from the call money market, has provided further impetus to the repo market. This is evident from the sharp increase in the average daily turnover of repo transactions (other than the Reserve Bank) from Rs.11,311 crore during April 2001 to Rs. 42,252 crore in June 2006. Treasury Bills Market T-Bills are issued by the RBI on behalf of the Government of India and thus are actually a class of Government Securities. Presently T-Bills are issued in maturity periods of 91 days, 182 days and 364 days through an auction based system and form one of the most active segments of the Indian money market. However prior to the initiation of reforms, only the 91-day Treasury bills were sold through fixed coupon or tap system. Also ad hoc treasury bills were issued by the government in order to meet the temporary mismatch in revenue and expenditure. Although these were meant for temporary purpose they became attractive source of meeting the central government resource requirement as they were available at an interest rate pegged at 4.6% per annum since 1974. However due to administered nature of interest rate the 91-day treasury bills could not emerge as useful instruments in the money market. But with initiation of the reform measures in the late 1980s T-bills market has emerge d as an important segment of the money market. The reform process in the t-bills market was initiated in November 1986 with the introduction of 182 days treasury bills. The formation of DFHI also helped in emergence of treasury bills market as important segment of the money market. Further impetus was provided to the development of the treasury bills market by the phasing out of the tap treasury bills and introduction of auctioning system in the 91-treasury. Another important reform in the treasury bills market was the abolition of the ad hoc treasury bills in April 1997. Further the introduction of 14-day intermediate treasury bills helped in improving the cash management of the government. Thus, Treasury bills of different tenors were introduced to consolidate the market for imparting liquidity, while yields were made market determined through auctions so that they could be used as benchmark for other short-term market instruments. Treasury Bills market has received special attention of RBI over the years as it is at the heart of the money market development. The amounts assigned for auctions are announced in advance since April 1998. Also the payments dates are synchronized on the following Friday after the auctions inorder to provide fungible stock of varying maturities and to activate the secondary market in Treasury Bills. The primary dealers provide their bid daily and offer discount rates so that the investors are able to acquire treasury bills even in between the auctions. Type of T-bills Introduced Discontinued 91 days Ad-hoc T-Bill Mid 1950s April, 1997 91 days T-Bill on Tap Mid 1950s March, 1997 182 days T-Bill on weekly auction November,1986 April, 1992 14 days T-Bill on weekly auction April, 1997 May, 2001 364 days T-Bill on fortnightly auction April, 1992 91 days T-Bill on weekly auction January,1993 182 days T-Bill on weekly auction Re-introduced in June, 1999 May, 2001 182 days T-Bill on weekly auction Re-introduced in April, 2005 The primary dealers provide their bid daily and offer discount rates so that the investors are able to acquire treasury bills even in between the auctions. Commercial Paper (CP): Commercial paper was introduced in India in January 1990, in accordance with the recommendations of the vaghul committee with an aim to provide additional avenues to the corporate to source short term funds. Commercial Paper (CP) is issued in the form of a promissory note sold directly by the issuers to investors, or else placed by the borrowers through agents such as merchant banks and security houses. Since CP is freely transferable, and highly liquid it provides the banks, financial institutions, insurance companies and others an attractive avenue to park their short term funds. Over the years RBI has gradually relaxed the norms relating to eligibility, maturity period etc. for issuing CPs. Initially, corporates were allowed to issue CP with a maturity between 3 to 6 months from the date of issue. However the minimum tenor of the CP was reduced in phased manner. Currently the minimum tenor of the CP is seven days (effective October 2004). Also the minimum amount to be investe d by a single investor, which was Rs.1 crore at time of introduction of CP, has been gradually brought down to 5 lakhs. This norm was gradually relaxed so as to align the CPs with other money market instruments. These measures helped in the increasing activity in this segment of the money market. Initially the limit of CP issuance was carved out of the maximum permissible bank finance (MPBF) limit and consequently only to its cash credit part. However reducing proportion of cash credit in the MPBF was hindering the development of the CP market and hence issuance of CP was delinked from the cash credit limit in October 1997. Further with a view to enable issuers of the service sector to meet their needs of short-term working capital, CP was transformed into a stand alone product. Initially, the individuals, banks, companies, other corporate bodies registered or incorporated in India and unincorporated bodies were allowed to issue and held the CP. Further issuance of the CP to n on-residents on a non-repatriation basis was allowed however these CPs were non transferable. Also the FIIs were permitted to invest in the CPs since October 2000, but within the limit set by SEBI. Further to improve the efficiency, rationalize standardize the various aspects of processing and reduce the transaction cost many measures such as dematerialization of CPs (effective June 30, 2001) were undertaken by the RBI. It issued draft guidelines on securitisation of standard assets on April 4, 2005, with an aim to further deepen the market. Consequently the issuing and Paying agents were required to report the issuance of the CP on NDS platform commencing from April 16, 2005. Over the years the major issuers of CP have been the leasing and finance companies. Discount rates on CPs have firmed up in line with the increases in policy rates during 2005-06 and 2006-07. It is advantageous for the corporate to raise funds through CPs during times of ample liquidity as the effective discount rates on CP tends to be lower than the banks lending rates. Also it is relatively profitable for banks to park their funds in the CPs during times of high liquidity as the interbank call rates tend to be lower than the CP rates. Thus the activity in the CP market reflects the liquidity condition in the money market. The average outstanding amount of CPs reduced from Rs. 22.80 bn during FY94 to Rs. 4.42 bn in FY96 on account of tight liquidity conditions in the money market. However the outstanding amount of CPs has increased in the recent years. It was Rs. 213.14 bn during FY07. However the secondary market for CPs continues to remain subdued as the investors prefer to hold the instrument till maturity as it gives them a higher risk adjusted return compared to other instruments in the money market. The secondary market of CPs is more profitable for the Mutual funds as they are charged higher stamp duty for issuing a CP as compared to the banks. Certificates of Deposits (CD) CD were introduced in the Indian money market in June 1989, with an view to widen the range of instruments in the money market and provide additional avenue and greater flexibility to the investors to park their short term surplus funds. During the pre reform period the CDs were governed by a number of regulations in terms of maturity, issuance amounts, maturity etc. However many guidelines pertaining to the CDs have been relaxed in the post reform period. The limit on issuance of the CD, which was earlier linked to the average fortnightly outstanding aggregate deposit, was abolished effective October 16, 1993. This was done with a view to enabling it as a market determined instrument. In order to align the CDs with other money market instruments the minimum maturity of the CDs has been reduced gradually to 7 days (April 2005). The minimum size of issuance was reduced from Rs 1 crore in 1989 to Rs. 1 lakh in June 2002. Also to provide flexibility and depth to the secondary marke t activity the restrictions pertaining to the minimum period for transferability were withdrawn over a period of time. With a view to improve transparency and promote secondary market activity the banks were instructed to issue CDs to the financial institutions only in dematerialized form, effective June 30, 2002. Since October 2002 the banks were allowed to issue floating rate CDs as a coupon bearing instrument in order to promote flexible pricing. The reduction in stamp duty on CDs, effective March 1, 2004 and withdrawal of the facility of premature closure of deposits in respect of CDs were other factors that boosted activity in the market, providing greater opportunity for secondary market trading. The activity in the CDs market is also depended on the liquidity conditions in the market as the CPs. Unlike the CPs the issuance of CDs increase in the time of tight liquidity conditions as the banks resort to issuance of CDs, often at premium, to meet their liquidity gap. For instance, the outstanding amount of CDs declined to Rs.949 crore during FY02 as compared to 1,199 crore, partly due to easy liquidity conditions on account of large capital inflows. However the average outstanding amount of CDs increased gradually during the subsequent periods. The average outstanding amount of CDs had increased to Rs.64,814 crore during FY07 as banks resorted to issuance of CDs in order to support the robust credit demand. The interest rates on CDs which had softened in the recent years in line with other money market instruments experienced some hardening during FY07. However banks offer higher interest rates on CDs as compared to other instruments and hence it is profitable for the subscriber to hold the CDs till maturity. This infact is one of the reasons for subdued secondary market for the CDs. Collateralised Borrowing and lending obligation: The CCIL operationalised CBLO as a money market instrument on Jan 20, 2003 with an aim to provide an alternative avenue to the market participants, especially those who were phased out of the call money market, to manage their short term liquidity. This innovative product developed by the CCIL facilitates anonymous order matching system for efficient price discovery. High transparency and real time basis of deals in the CBLO have assisted in enhancing efficiency of the money market. With the conversion of the call money market in a pure interbank market since August 2005 and setting of prudential limits on lending and borrowing by banks and PDs in the call money market, the activity has shifted to CBLO segment as can be seen in the below chart. The average daily turnover in the CBLO segment has registered an increase from Rs.515 crore in FY04 to Rs.32,390 crore during FY07. However the increase in turnover can be partly attributed to the increase in number of participants from 3 0 in July 2003 to 153 in March 2007. It is important to note here that the composition of market participants has also changed over the years. The mutual funds and insurance companies have emerged as the major lenders while the nationalized banks, PDs and non-financial companies as major borrowers during FY07. As borrowings in the CBLO segment are fully collateralised, the rates in this segment are expected to be comparable with the repo rates. The movements in the daily average rates in the overnight call, the repo and the CBLO markets for the period from January 2003 to March 2007 show that CBLO rates moved between the call and the repo rates up to November 2003 due to a limited number of participants. From November 2003, the CBLO rates have aligned with the repo rates on account of increase in the number of participants. Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) With an aim of bringing the money market within the reach of individual investors the MMMF were introduced in India in April 1991. However a detailed scheme of MMMFs was declared by the RBI in April 1992, thereby allowing the schedule commercial banks and public financial institutions to set up MMMFs, subject to some terms and conditions. However to provide flexibility, liquidity and depth to the market these restrictions were relaxed over a period of time. For example the minimum lock in period for the units of MMMFs was brought down from 30 days to 15 days in May 1998. MMMFs were permitted to offer cheque writing facility in a tie-up with banks in 1999-2000 in order to provide added liquidity to unit holders. MMMFs, which were under the purview of RBI, were bought under SEBIs regulations Since March 7, 2000. Also it is important to note that now banks are permitted to set up MMMFs only in form of trust as a separate entity. Also the MMMFs were permitted to invest in rated corp orate bonds and debentures with a residual maturity of one year.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Effects of Interest Groups on Politics - 1436 Words

Influence of interest groups on the American legislature We elect politicians on the basis on the issues by which they stand, and these issues are either held up or weakened by the numerous interest groups that exist today. Interest groups target both major and minor issues, using all of their resources to sponsor or overpower the groups concern. Interest groups are composed of a limited range of the body of voters who have a great stake in the issues their group support. They make evident the issues their group supports. Their resources are used in an attempt to make their issue public policy. Interest groups are persistent; they do not give up until they succeed. They lobby congress, take legal action, and attempt to†¦show more content†¦The organization is further restricted in its advocacy by the broad diversity of viewpoints it represents. One of the primary ways the AARP influences policy is through their influence on voters. They do this in the form of election forums and the distribution of voter guides . The AARP continuously holds election forums to discuss and inform voters on candidates stances on the issues that affect their members. They utilize these election forums to inform their members and enable them to make informed decisions at the polls. A forum is not a debate and does not create any dissention between members but increases the members loyalty through unified ideas. Another tool used by the AARP to inform its members and potential supporters is the distribution of voter guides and pro-AARP propaganda. Voter guides allow them to give a detailed account of each politicians issues and how they affect the seniors.16 The information contained in voter guides enable members to fully understand where each candidate is coming from and what he/she plans to accomplish while in office. Through mass distribution of voter guides, the AARP is able to spread their influence throughout the nation. Further distribution of articles and advertisements in journals, allow th e AARP to increase their influence upon the voters of America. The AARP has a contract with America Online offering their members aShow MoreRelated The Effects of Interest Groups on Politics Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesInfluence of interest groups on the American legislature nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;We elect politicians on the basis on the issues by which they stand, and these issues are either held up or weakened by the numerous interest groups that exist today. Interest groups target both major and minor issues, using all of their resources to sponsor or overpower the groups’ concern. 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Brain Damage Free Essays

Essay cover sheet Essay Title: What does the study of brain injury and disease tell us about normal brain functioning? Word count (Excluding title and references section): 829 What does the study of brain injury and disease tell us about normal brain functioning? To understand atypical brain function, it is important to distinguish the expectations for a typical brain function. It is true that many diseases or injuries result in impairments in cognition; as different areas of the brain is designed to control specific cognition and processes. For example the hemispheres are known to control different functions such as language, spatial judgements, reasoning and abstract notions (Martin, 2003). We will write a custom essay sample on Brain Damage or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whilst, the frontal lobe is famous for processing memory, attention, personality, and behaviour (Martin, 2003). Parietal lobe tends to control spatial and sensory information; whereas occipital lobe processes visual stimulus. Language, retrieval of memory and behaviour is administrated through temporal lobe (Martin, 2003). Finally, the limbic system tends to control emotion as well as short term memory (Martin, 2003). Brain damage is the degeneration or abnormal growth of brain cells, which can be the result of outer (injury) or inner (disease) influences. Therefore, in cases of brain disease there are biological and psychological impairment that causes abnormality in the brain such as Alzheimer’s disease, Dementia, Amnesia and Aphasia; which some may be genetically inherited. Brain disease such as Alzheimer’s help us to understand the processes of the central executive function, which assists in producing controlled and flexible responses (Groome, 2006). In Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), this process is replaced by automatic and stereotyped responses; thus, it results in a dysexecutive syndrome (Groome, 2006; Baddely Wilson, 1988). Conditions such as AD, symptoms like amnesia and dementia are known to involve damage to frontal lobes (Groome, 2006); therefore, there are impairments in abstract and conceptual thinking, attention, behaviour and memory. For example, lesions to frontal lobes result in difficulty in retrieving contextual information (Parkin, Walter Hunkin. 1995); thus, when presented with series of items, the frontal lobe patients are likely to remember the item shortly after, however, are not able to specify the order in which they were presented in (Swain, Polkey, Bullock Morris. , 1998). Additionally, patient H. M had part of his medial temporal lobes removed due to his epilepsy; however most of his hippocampus were also removed to reduce seizures (Groome, 2006). Although his condition improved, he developed amnesi a, which affected his short term memory (Groome, 2006). This meant he was no longer able to form new memories due to the lesion made to his hippocampus. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that results in several cognition impairments such as: deficit in memory and learning, poor abstract thinking and problem solving, difficulty in sustaining attention. Studies suggest that such patients are likely to suffer from dysfunction in areas such as : frontal lobe, temporal lobe, left or right hemisphere and basal ganglia (Blanchard Neale, 1994). Heinrichs Zakzanis (1998) illustrated how schizophrenic patients tend to have impaired verbal memory. Furthermore, injuries or lesions to frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex can result in language deficiencies, such as Wernicke and Broca’s aphasia (Groome, 2006). For example, patient Phineas Gage suffered an injury to the Broca’s area (damage to frontal lobe), showed inability to produce language, as there was no sentence structure and the language was just string of disjointed words (Fleischman, 2002; Groome, 2006). Gage also showed emotional inbalance, where he was described to have acted out of character and was more aggressive, which was the result of damage to amygdale (Fleischman, 2002; Groome, 2006). Whilst, Wernicke’s aphasia (damage to temporal lobe) results in meaningless production of language; the patient is able to produce sentences but it does not convey information (Groome, 2006). Moreover, studies on blindsight suggest that patients such as DB have no conscious experience of perceived surroundings, however they manage to use the visual information at some other level to guide them through the surrounding world (Groome, 2006). It is believed that this neglect is the result of damage to the contralateral hemisphere. For example patients who have lesions to the right hemisphere have left spatial neglect, thus will fail to notice the left side of space (Groome, 2006). Such studies, highlight that spatial neglect is not a unitary disorder but a cohort of deficits. Thus, it allows us to distinguish between conscious experiences and the ability to respond appropriately to stimulus (Groome, 2006). The brain is a major organ that executes functions and vital processes essential to human activity; for example thinking, memory, language and emotions. The use of brain injuries and diseases, enables us to identify better models to comprehend cognition; as these areas will create a natural lesion in the processing mechanism. Thus, it identifies specific elements that play a major role in cognition. The mentioned studies show specific cognitions can be used to process information in a particular way. To ensure that specific cognitive model is processing properly, it is important to look at the neural activity of that region. Lack of activity in the interested area shows impairment in the model and that region. Therefore, by studying that specific area further, we can highlight its activity and information processing. This will allow us to understand normal functioning of the brain further. However, it is important to note that these theories might not be fully supported. For example, not much is known about the central executive system; thus, the vagueness only allows to corroborate processes that are not fully understood. Therefore it is vital to critically analyse theories before applying them. References Baddeley, AD. Kopelman, MD. , and Wilson, BA. (2004). The Essential Handbook of Memory Disorders for Clinicians. John Wiley Sons, Ltd Blanchard, J. J. Neale, J. M. (1994) The neuropsychological signature of schizophrenia: generalized or differential deficit? American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 40–48. Fleischman, J. (2002). Phineas Gage: A gruesome but true story about brain science. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Groome, D. (2006). An introduction to cognitive psychology. Hove: Eng land. Heinrichs, R. W. Zakzanis, K. K. 1998) Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: A quantitative review of the evidence. Neuropsychology, 12, 426–445. Martin, G. N. (2003). Essential biological psychology. London: Arnold. Parkin, AJ. , Walter, BM. , and Hunkin, MM. (1995). Relationships between normal aging frontal lobe function, and memory for temporal spatial information. Neuropsychology, 9, 304-312. Swain, SA. , Polkey, CE. , Bullock, P. Morris, RB. (1998). Recognition memory and memory for order in script-based stories following frontal lobe excisions. Cortex. 34, 25-45. How to cite Brain Damage, Papers

Customer Orientation and Performance †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Customer Orientation and Performance. Answer: Introduction: Apple Inc. is an American corporation which was found in 1976 by Steve Jobs and Steven Wozniak. The company deals in the products like I pad, iPhone, I cloud, Apple TV, etc. (Lazonick, Mazzucato Tulum, 2013). Apple Inc. is a product orientation company. It is because it produces innovative products with quality to the customers which helps it in targeting maximum consumers. The company develop its products and make them attractive for the customers. The products of the company are produced by keeping in mind that they must edge over the products of the competitors. The products are made with unique and attractive features which capture the attention of the customers. The employees of the company are highly talented and skilled which focus on delivering new to the customers every time. They use their strengths and capabilities which produces high end quality products as a result (Maurya, et. al., 2015). The company tries to match up the expectations and needs of the customers with the help of its unique and technologically upgraded products. Apple has come up with its two new models recently in IPhone which are IPhone 8 and 10. The company is strongly oriented towards the product and strives for best position in the industry by serving the customers and making them satisfied through its products. The company also adopt differentiation and cost leadership strategies in order to improve its profits on the sale of its products (Maurya, et. al., 2015). This shows that the company is strongly product oriented. References Lazonick, W., Mazzucato, M., Tulum, . (2013, December). Apple's changing business model: What should the world's richest company do with all those profits?. InAccounting Forum(Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 249-267). Elsevier. Maurya, U. K., Mishra, P., Anand, S., Kumar, N. (2015). Corporate identity, customer orientation and performance of SMEs: Exploring the linkages.IIMB Management Review,27(3), 159-174.

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Tourist Management Strategy

Question: Discuss about the Tourist Management Strategy. Answer: Introduction The strategic plans which are prepared considering different destinations are called Destination Management Plans. The Planning Model of Destination Management Plan is developed by Tourism of Queensland. They provide a process by the help of which the management is able to develop a strategic plan for a particular destination. Tourism management strategy includes the expression of the strategic directions and priorities which are identified by the stakeholders of that particular organization for planning, marketing, management and development of a exacting region. If the tourism management team does not solve the challenges regarding that particular destination then they are unable to make an effective strategic plan. These challenges are also cause some more issues or challenges in the future. This research paper has evaluates the issues and the experiences of the visitors at Queensland science Centre. There are several issues regarding the proper management of the sites and the man agement of the visitors. The management team should take more care to maintain the rules and regulations within the Science Centre. By the help of proper management techniques they can easily maintain the wellness of that particular destination or site and is able to satisfy their visitors with great pleasure. The managers of that particular site make sure that the region is always remaining safe for each and every visitors and the place should be well-maintained (Kerlinger et al., 2013). The management should always try to provide a better customer service to their visitors, as this will help in enhancing the effectiveness of the concerned place. Description about the site The Queensland Science Centre is the main Science Centre within the state of Queensland, Australia. Recently, it has operated four numbers of separate campuses at Townsville, Toowoomba, Ipswich and South Brisbane. The founder of this Queensland Science Centre is Queensland Philosophical Society (Darragh Fensham, 2013). It was founded in the year of 1862 on the date 20th January. The Queensland Science Centre is a home of science and experiments where anybody came to know about the stories of Queenslands state, entire Australia and also about some other nearby regions of Australia. The Science Centre is located at the South Bank by attaching along with the Queensland Science Centre (Appeltans et al., 2012). It is an incredible and mind-blowing destination for each and every people who want to experience science and to feel it through their work and activities. In this Queensland Science Centre, the management has allowed their visitors to experience and feel the magic of science. The Queensland Science Centre is a perfect place where the kids, students and many other people are getting introduced to science in an interactive and relaxed environment (Sobbe et al., 2013). Generally, the Science Centre is a better place for the older children; however, this science center is also impresses the little kids by the help of some cool experiments. The visitors have spends a lot of their times only by playing the science games and experimenting the magical displays. The Queensland Science Centre is also consists of State Library, Queensland modern art gallery, Queensland art gallery and Queensland Arts center where the visitors can perform. In this Science Centre, the visitors have come to gather knowledge about the history of Queensland and many stories related to the inhabitants of Queensland and their cultures in past and present times. The Queensland Science Centre has been also held several exhibitions of different science show, a variety of interesting experiments and traveling shows which describe Australia, Queensland, and other places through all over the world. This Science Centre is also facilitating their visitors by giving knowledge about the geosciences, cultural history, and biodiversity. After visiting the Queensland Science Centre, the kids and the children are able to reveal the application and need of need of science in the daily life of a human being (Sigala, 2015). This Science Centre is remaining open every day from 9.30am to 5.00pm. on ANZAC Day it open from 1.30pm. The Queensland Science Centre has remain closed on Christmas Day, Good Friday and Boxing Day. This science Centre is an awesome place for every kid from all ages and for the adults also. The kids are enjoyed their every moment within this Science Centre. They can spend half of their day in this Science Centre and enjoy a lot. To enjoy the facility of entry within this Science Centre, the management has launches an innovative idea. They have implement a membership card and named it My Science Centre Member. By the help of this card, the visitor is able to enjoy the entry into the Queensland Science Centre for 1 Year at a price of less than three visiting fees. The visitors who have this membership card are able to enjoy exclusive discounts at the time of exhibitions and they also enjoy discounted entry to any Science Centre which belongs to the same network of Queensland Science Centre. Management issues or problems at the Queensland Science Centre The Queensland Science Centre is a fantastic place for their visitors to spend a lot of times there and for enjoying the cool experiments of science. However, the management of this Science Centre has faces several challenges for maintaining proper rules and regulations within the Science Centre. The management team is not able to provide good customer service to their visitors. They should provide more guide who help the visitors to understand the experiments and told the stories behind each and every experiments and monument. It is found that the parents are also playing those experiments or the play materials along with their kids which are prepared only for kids and also mentioned that it is not for the adults (Liu et al., 2016). For this reason, some of the times it is found that the children do not get the chance to play and enjoy those items. The soft approaches of the signs have become hard to approach. The visitors have not taken any care about the soft signs. That is why sometimes the discipline within the Science Centre is getting hampered. There is a huge model of dinosaurs outside the main block of the Queensland Science Centre. As per the rules and regulation of the management of the Science Centre, nobody should allow climbing that huge dinosaur. However, the visitors should not follow this instruction and still climb upon it and click pictures. Some it may cause damages to that particular property of Science Centre. Inside Science Centre, the management team did not mention the directions in a proper way. It becomes very difficult for the visitors to find the floors and stairs. As the Science Centre area is very large so it creates some troubles to the visitors to understand the map and inner way of the Science Centre (Becerra et al., 2013). According to the instructions, rules, and regulations, no one should be allowed to enter within the science with food materials and drinks. However, there is no such security that checks the bags. For this reason, the visitors still bring food materials and drinks along with them into the inside of the Science Centre. That is why some of the times the place gets untidy and unhygienic. This may cause damages of the private property of the Science Centre. No surveillance or observation is provided by the management at those places where it is necessary such as near the skeleton of dinosaurs, some electrical experimental equipment, etc. For this reason, some of the time vandalism takes place because when the visitors touch the heritage collections then it may get damage and those collections are absolutely unique so it becomes a great loss for the management. The place has become more crowded during the festive season. As the tourists are came to visit this Science Centre throughout the year from different places so continuous crowding takes place. For this reason, the management should implement some innovative systems by the help of which are able to control the crowd and help every visitor to visit their Science Centre in a proper manner by maintaining discipline (Coghlan, 2012). On the displaying board, there are very cognitive details are given for the kids which become a little bit difficult for the kids to understand the experim ents. The management of the Science Centre has always use a local group of people to promote and also show respect towards the native rights which are written on the screens of the computers. The management team of the Queensland Science Centre has also faces huge problems and great challenges to create a culture within the visitors as they should maintain the instructions and the rules and regulations of the Science Centre. The management has been also takes care of the safety of the kids at the time of playing the funny items or performing the experiments. The management has faced several challenges at the time of maintaining discipline inside the science Science Centre. For this reason, some of the time it is found that the visitors and the kids are not able to enjoy the magical experiments and the playing items as much they want. Due to this issues or problems, the visitors has been also face several issues regarding that place and also unable to enjoy a lot. The management team should overcome these problems that it does not create any issue in future. Positivitys from the site There are some of the positive aspects that can be drawn from the site such as a vast amount of information can be collected in order to enhance the daily activities of people, use of the latest innovative technologies can be done. Moreover, the information regarding the history of Queensland of Australia can be collected and this will help in increasing the knowledge of the people. Furthermore, the people can get to know more about the application of different aspects of science in daily life. Current management practices at the Queensland Science Centre To overcome the issues or problems the management teams of the Queensland Science Centre implements several practices recently. First of all, they appoint some candidates who have the ability to understand the working situation and able to give some innovative ideas to develop the plans which are taken to improve the facilities for the visitors within the building of the Queensland Science Centre. They also appoint a health and safety officer who will always supervise the safety factors of the visitors. They implement several security guards who will check and supervise that the visitors should follow the norms and instructions which are declared by the management of the Queensland Science Centre. They also maintain the discipline inside the building of the Science Centre. The management is able to overcome their issues and problems by incorporating innovation into their service delivery strategies. To maintain the famousness of this Science Centre they should develop their in-house exhibitions and should implement some new ideas, new experiments, and new mind games which attract their visitors more than before (Dwyer et al., 2012). Recently, the management of the Queensland Science Centre or the Queensland Science Centre appoints some guide who will explain the history of the Queensland and Australia and their inhabitants in past in detail in front of the visitors. This will help the visitors to understand the reason behind the every monument. They also explain the cool experiments in front of the kids and help them to feel the magic of science. They also aware those kids who came to visit the Science Centre about the necessity of the science and the application of science in the daily life of a human being (Mason, 2015). The management also started to held many learning programs and invite the students from different schools to share knowledge about the different application of science and to show some more interesting experiments. Generally, the Science Cent re is a better place for the older children; however, this Science Centre also impresses the little kids by the help of some cool experiments. The visitors spends a lot of their times only by playing different types of mind games and experimenting the magical displays. Currently, the management team of the Queensland Science Centre improves their screen content and makes it very easy and understandable that the kids can easily read it and understand the meaning and results of the experiments. Currently, the management also appoints a custodian who will maintain and take care of the cultural and natural heritage along with the respected researchers and unique collection. The management team also set CCTV cameras through all over the building of the Queensland science Centre and Queensland Science Centre to maintain a tough security and strong discipline within the building. To overcome the issues or the problems the management of the Queensland Science Centre or the Queensland Scienc e Centre implements those practices into their service process to satisfy their visitors and to maintain a proper discipline inside the building. By incorporating these practices, the management of the Queensland Science Centre is also able to take care of their heritage properly without causing any harm to it. Recommendation for sustainable management However, the Queensland Science Centre and the Science Centre is an incredible, fantastic and mind-blowing place for every visitor. People from every age love to spend a lot of their times in this Science Centre and Science Centre. In the Queensland Science Centre the visitors enjoying many cool experiments of science and several mind games. However, the management of this Science Centre faces several challenges for maintaining proper rules and regulations within the Science Centre. To overcome these issues or problems and to maintain a sustainable management it is recommended that the management should provide a better customer service to their visitors. The management should maintain the discipline and stop the adults and the parents to play with the playing items which are only for the kids. The management should aware the visitors before entering the building to take care of the soft signs and do not cause any harm. If any types of harm are caused by any visitors then they should penalize (Ziegler et al., 2012). The management should appoint tight security to every corner of the building. They should restrict the visitors to climb up on the model of the dinosaurs outside the building. The management should allow the visitors to click pictures by maintaining a distance from every monument. The management should mention a proper direction within the Science Centre which helps the visitors to understand the floors and stairs and way inside the Science Centre and Science Centre. The management should appoint a male and a female security person at the main entrance who at first check the bags and make sure that the visitors should not carry any foods and drinks inside the Science Centre then allow the visitors to enter the building. The management should fix proper surveillance in the important areas such as within the Science Centre where the heritage items or the skeleton of a dinosaur has been kept. The security person should stop the visitors to touch them a nd maintain a safe distance from those monuments. The management should implement an innovative system to manage the crowd and maintain proper discipline during the festive season. The management should write easy and simple words on the boards that the kids should able to understand the meaning easily. The management should aware the visitors about the local community and also tell them to show respect to all those native rights which are written on the computer screens (Paraskevas et al., 2013). Sustainable management is of great need as it will help in enhancing the effectiveness of the entire Science Museum. There exist crucial need for the development of the big exhibitions and the effective plan for the management of the entire science museum and this need to be done by the management team. The management team of the Queensland Science Centre should improve their screen content and makes it very easy and understandable that the kids can easily read it and understand the meaning and results of the experiments. The management has also fixes CCTV cameras within the every corner of the building. By the help of these cameras, they are able to supervise the entire building from a single control room. The management should appoint a custodian who will maintain and take care of the cultural and natural heritage along with the respected researchers and unique collection. The management should always provide a guide with each respective experiment who will guide and help the visit ors to enjoy and understand the experiments. Conclusion Tourism management strategy is a process by the help of which anybody is able to make strategic plans which are made for any destinations. By the help of this tourism management strategy, any person is able to determine the challenges or problems which take place within any particular place. By the help of this strategy, the management team of that particular place is always trying to overcome those issues and problems and make a better place for the visitors. By the help of this tourism management strategy, the management is also able to avoid these problems in future. In this case study, the scholars have been given a clear idea about the tourism management strategy of the Queensland Science Centre. It is an incredible, fantastic and mind-blowing place for every visitor. People from every age love to spend a lot of their times in this Science Centre and Science Centre. In the Queensland Science Centre the visitors are enjoying many cool experiments of science and several mind games . However, the management of this Science Centre is also faces many challenges. The research scholars have also give a detail explanation about the management issues or problems which are faced by the management team of the Queensland Science Centre. They have also described the management practices which are implementing the management of the Queensland Science Centre to overcome those issues or problems. Reference Appeltans, W., Ahyong, S. 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